The kyoto protocol the kyoto protocol is an addition to the united nations convention on climate change. countries which ratify this protocol commit to reducing their emissions of carbon dioxide and five other greenhouse gases. industrialised countries have specified reduction targets and can engage in emissions trading or what's being called "joint implementations". finally, countries can take part in a third instrument, the "clean development mechanism". a total of 141 countries have ratified the kyoto agreement. notable exceptions include the united states and australia. the agreement came into force on february 16, 2005, following ratification by russia. the kyoto protocol may seem just a small first step to dealing with climate change, but it is significant. we have to find ways to contribute to socio-economic growth and at the same time lower our emissions of greenhouse gases. but the major changes of our energy systems that are required, are not only to reduce their harmful effects, but also to address the oil shortage, the security of our energy supply, and even world peace. сократить для пересказа передать главную мысль..

The kyoto protocol is an addition to the united nations convention on climate change.countries which ratify this protocol commit to reducing their emissions of carbon dioxide and five other greenhouse gases. a total of 141 countries have ratified the kyoto agreement. notable exceptions include the united states and australia. the agreement came into force on february 16, 2005, following ratification by russia. but the major changes of our energy systems that are required but also to address the oil shortage, the security of our energy supply, and even world peace.

He kyoto protocol is an addition to the united nations convention on climate change.countries which ratify this protocol commit to reducing their emissions of carbon dioxide and five other greenhouse gases.   a total of 141 countries have ratified the kyoto agreement. notable exceptions include the united states and australia. the agreement came into force on february 16, 2005, following ratification by russia.  but the major changes of our energy systems that are required but also to address the oil shortage, the security of our energy supply, and even world peace.

The debut of cinematography in turkey dates back to nearly a  year after two young frenchmen, the lumière brothers held their  first film expo on the 22 of december, 1895 in a cafe in paris.  initial display in turkey were private ones held at the sultan's  court, the yıldız palace in istanbul. afterwards a romanian  citizen of polish descent sigmund weinberg screened films publicly  at a beer hall in galatasaray square, i̇stanbul, thus introducing  this extraordinary art to many more turkish people. notwithstanding that cinema came to turkey as early as the late 1890s,  the actual start of film-making in turkey was much later.  encountering many tribulation from the shooting of the first  film in 1914 up until now, turkish cinema is in its present state today  because of original works  produced by using its  own  resources. despite all the economic crisis and lack of a  legal framework within which to operate that turkish cinema has  had to surmount, thanks to the efforts of turkish directors,  script writers, actors, actresses and technicians, turkish cinema  has carved out a respectable position and succeeded in competing  with the powerful foreign movie industry. today, turkish cinema  has come to be an internationally recognized modern art enjoying  a huge popularity in foreign countries, and at international film  festivals which frequently both recognize and award its  successes. дебют кинематографии в турции восходит к почти году назад, после того как два молодых французов, братья люмьер провели свою первую выставку фильма 22 декабря 1895 года в кафе в париже. первоначальный показ в турции был частным,проводился он в султанском дворе и дворце йылдыз в стамбуле. впоследствии румынский гражданин польского происхождения зигмунд вайнберг публично представлял фильмы в пивном зале на площади галатасарай в стамбуле, представив это необычайное искусство многим турецким людям. несмотря на то, что кино появилось в турции еще в конце 1890-х годов, фактическое начало кинопроизводства в турции было намного позже. столкнувшись с множеством несчастий со съемок первого фильма в 1914 году, до наших пор, турецкое кино сегодня находится в нынешнем состоянии из-за оригинальных произведений, созданных использования собственных ресурсов. несмотря на весь кризис и отсутствие правовой базы, в рамках которой турецкое кино пришлось преодолевать трудности, усилиям турецких режиссеров, сценаристов, актеров, актрис и техников, турецкое кино вырезало достойную позицию и преуспело в борьбе с мощной иностранной киноиндустрией. сегодня турецкое кино стало признанным во всем мире современным искусством, пользующимся огромной популярностью в зарубежных странах, а также на международных кинофестивалях, которые часто признают и его успехи.