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31.08.2020 20:10

Английский язык

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Переведите ! the legal heritage of greece and rome. the ancient greeks were among the first to develop a concept of law that separated everyday law from religious beliefs. before the greeks most civilizations attributed their laws to their gods or goddesses. instead, the greeks believed that laws were made by the people for the people. in the seventh century b.c., draco drew up greece’s first comprehensive written code of laws. under draco’s code death was the punishment for most offences. thus, the term draconian usually applies to extremely harsh measures. several decades passed before solon – poet, military hero, and ultimately athens’ lawgiver – devised a new code of laws. he ended exclusive aristocratic control of the government, substituted a system of control by the wealthy, and introduced a new law code. solon’s great contribution to the future good of athens was his new code of laws. he revised every statute except that on homicide and made athenian law altogether more humane. trial by jury, an ancient greek tradition was retained, but enslaving debtors was prohibited as were most of the harsh punishments of draco’s code. under solon’s law citizens of athens were eligible to serve in the assembly and courts were established in which they could appeal government decisions. what the greeks may have contributed to the romans was the concept of “natural law”. in essence, natural law was based on the belief that certain basic principles are above the laws of a nation. these principles arise from the nature of people. the concept of natural law and the development of the first true legal system had a profound effect on the modern world.