Назвать вещества по систематической номенклатуре: б) сн3 – сн2 – сн – соон, в) сн3 сон

Б) 2-этилбутановая кислота; в) этаналь

1. дано m(cxhyoz) = 1.8 g m(co2) = 3.96 g m(h2o) = 2.16 g d(h2) = 30  m( m(cxhyoz) = d(h2) * 2 = 30*2 = 60 g/mol m(co2) = 44 g/mol n(co2) = m/m = 3.96 / 44 = 0.09 mol n(c) = n(co2) = 0.09 mol n(c) = 0.09 mol m(c)= 12 g/mol m(c) = n*m= 0.09*12 = 1.08 g m(h2o) = 18 g/mol n(h2o) =m/m =  2.16/18 = 0.12 mol n(h2) = 2n(h2o)  , n(h2) = 2*0.12 = 0.24 mol m(h)= 1 g/mol m(h) = n*m = 0.24 * 1 = 0.24 g m(o) = m(cxhyoz)  - (m(c)+m(h)) = 1.8-(1.08 + 0.24) = 0.48 g m(o) = 16 g/mol n(o) = m/m= 0.48 / 16 = 0.03 mol cxhyoz = 0.09 : 0.24 : 0.03 = 3: 8: 1 c3h8o c3h7oh  m(c3h7oh) = 12*3+1*7+16+1) = 60 g/mol ответ пропанол 2) дано w(c) = 85.7% = 0.857 w(h) = 14.3% = 0.143 d(h2) = 28 m(cxhy) -? m(cxhy) = d(h2) *28 = 2*28 = 56 g/mol w(cxhy) / m(cxhy) = w(c) / ar(c) : w(h)/ ar(h) cxhy = 4  : 8 c4h8 ответ c4h8 3) дано m(cxhy) = 2.34 g v(co2) = 4.032 l d(h2) = 39  m( m(cxhy) = d(h2)*39 = 2*39 = 78 g/mol n(co2) =v(co2) / vm = 4.032 / 22.4 = 0.18 mol n(c) = n(co2) = 0.18 mol m(c) = 12 g/mol m(c) = n*m = 0.18 * 12 = 2.16 g m(h) = m(cxhy) - m(c) = 2.34 - 2.16 = 0.18 g m(h) = 1 g/mol n(h) = m/m = 0.18 / 1 = 0.18 mol cxhy =n(c) : n(h) = 0.18 : 0.18  = 1: 1 ch m(ch) = 13 g/mol n(ch) = m(cxhy) / m(ch) = 78 / 13 = 6 раз m(cxhy) = 6*m(ch)= 6*13 = 78 cxhy = c6h6 ответ бензол