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08.01.2021 00:50

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Виконати тест до тексту ALFRED NOBEL-A MAN OF CONTRASTS
《Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish inventor and industrialist, was a man of many
contrasts. He was the son of a bankrupt, but became a millionaire; a scientist with
a love of literature, an industrialist who managed to remain an idealist. He made
a fortune but lived a simple life, and although cheerful in company be was often sad in
private. A lover of mankind, he never had a wife or family to love him; a patriotic
son of his native land, he died alone on foreign soil. He invented a new explosive.
dynamite, to improve the peacetime industries of mining and road building, but saw it
used as a weapon of war to kill and injure his fellow men. During his useful life he
often felt he was useless. World famous for his works he was never personally well
known, for throughout his life he avoided publicity. "I do not see" he once said, "that
have deserved any fame and have no taste for it", but since his death his name has
brought fame and glory to others.
He was born in Stockholm on October 21, 1833 but moved to Russia with his
parents in 1842, where his father, Immanuel, made a strong position for himself in the
engineering industry. Immanuel Nobel invented the landmine and made a lot of money
from government order for it during the Crimean War, but went bankrupt soon after.
Most of the family returned to Sweden in 1859, where Alfred rejoined them in 1863,
beginning his own study of explosives in his father's laboratory. He had never been to
school or university but studied privately and by the time he was twenty was a skilful
chemist and excellent linguist, speaking Swedish, Russian, German. French and English.
Like his father, Alfred Nobel was imaginative and inventive, but he had better luck in
business and showed more financial sense. He was quick to see industrial openings for
his scientific inventions and built up over 80 companies in 20 different countries
Indeed his greatness lay in his outstanding ability to combine the qualities of an
original scientist with those of a forward-looking industrialist.
But Nobel's main concern was never with making money or even making scientific
discoveries. Seldom happy, he was always searching for a meaning to life, and from
his youth had taken a serious interest in literature and philosophy. Perhaps because he
could not find ordinary human love - he never married he came to care deeply
about the whole mankind. He was always generous to the poor I'd rather take care of
the stomachs of the living than the glory of the dead in the form of stone memorials,
he once said. His greatest wish, however, was to see an end to wars, and thus peace
between nations, and he spent much time and money working for this cause until his
death in Italy in 1896. His famous will, in which he left money to provide prizes for
outstanding work in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology, Medicine, Literature and Peace,
is a memorial to his interests and ideals. And so, the man who felt he should have died
at birth is remembered and respected long after his death. 》

3) Teste. Тестові завдання до тексту
1. Alfred Nobel's father was...
A. a bankupt
B. a rich man
C. a millionaire
D...acientist
2. The most important thing in the life for Alfred Nobel
A. his family
C. his work
B. his money
D. his pastime
3. A lot of people all over the world know Alfred Nobel well because of
C. his love of mankind
D. his cheerful character
A. his personality
B. his work.
4. The family went to Russia because
A. their father went bankrupt"
B. the father wanted to make a lot of money
C. the father wanted to fulfil government's orders
D. the father wanted to work in the engineering industry
5. In twenty six years the family returned to Sweden becaus6...
12
A. of the Crimean War
By they bedate poor
6. Alfred Nobel successfully studied...
A. privately
B. at school
c. Alfred began to study
D/Alfred rejoined them
C. at university
D. in his father's laboratory
7. Alfred Nobel was a lucky businessman because of his...
A. knowledge of many languages C. scientific inventions
B. outstanding abilities.
8. During his life Alfred Nobel's main
D. companies built in different countries
concern was...
C.opening hew companies
D. literature and philosophy
A. making much money
B. making scientific discoveries
9. Nobel was generous to the poor because..
A. he deeply loved people
B. he could not find human love
10. Nobel is remembered and respected long after his death because
A. he spent much time and money for his work
B. he wanted peace between nations
C. he provided prizes for outstanding works in different fields of knowledge
D. he had great interests and ideals.
C. he didn't have his own family.
D. he was a forward-looking industrialist