Есть ответ 👍

Аннотация к тексту с клише Клише:
The text is about …;
First we can read about…;
Passage(s ) … describe(s)…;
Passage … informs us about…;
The last passage speaks about…
Текст:
7."THE FIRST HACKERS"
(1) The first "hackers" were students at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) who belonged to the TMRC (Tech Model Railroad Club). Some of the members really built model trains. But many were more interested in the wires and circuits underneath the track platform. Spending hours at TMRC creating better circuitry was called "a mere hack." Those members who were interested in creating innovative, stylistic, and technically clever circuits called themselves (with pride) hackers.
(2) During the spring of 1959, a new course was offered at MIT, a freshman programming class. Soon the hackers of the railroad club were spending days, hours, and nights hacking away at their computer, an IBM 704. Instead of creating a better circuit, their hack became creating faster, more efficient program - with the least
number of lines of code. Eventually they formed a group and created the first set of hacker's rules, called the Hacker's Ethic.
(3) Steven Levy, in his book Hackers, presented the rules:
Rule 1: Access to computers - and anything, which might teach you, something about the way the world works - should be unlimited and total.
Rule 2: All information should be free.
Rule 3: Mistrust authority - promote decentralization.
Rule 4: Hackers should be judged by their hacking, not bogus criteria such as degrees, race, or position.
Rule 5: You can create art and beauty on a computer.
Rule 6: Computers can change your life for the better.
(4) These rules made programming at MIT's Artificial Intelligence Laboratory a challenging, all encompassing endeavor. Just for the exhilaration of programming, students in the Al Lab would write a new program to perform even the smallest tasks. The program would be made available to others who would try to perform the same task with fewer instructions. The act of making the computer work more elegantly was, to a bonafide hacker, awe-inspiring.
(5) Hackers were given free reign on the computer by two AI Lab professors, "Uncle" John McCarthy and Marvin Minsky, who realized that hacking created new insights. Over the years, the AI Lab created many innovations: LIFE, a game about survival; LISP, a new kind of programming language; the first computer chess game; The CAVE, the first computer adventure; and SPACEWAR, the first video game.

120
458
Посмотреть ответы 1

Ответы на вопрос:


1/by nightfall, all  do not go out.2/arm. population actively  buy up gas cans, gas pistols and electric shocks.3/   learn self-defense techniques from the villains  and bullies.

Реши свою проблему, спроси otvet5GPT

  • Быстро
    Мгновенный ответ на твой вопрос
  • Точно
    Бот обладает знаниями во всех сферах
  • Бесплатно
    Задай вопрос и получи ответ бесплатно

Популярно: Английский язык

Caktus Image

Есть вопросы?

  • Как otvet5GPT работает?

    otvet5GPT использует большую языковую модель вместе с базой данных GPT для обеспечения высококачественных образовательных результатов. otvet5GPT действует как доступный академический ресурс вне класса.
  • Сколько это стоит?

    Проект находиться на стадии тестирования и все услуги бесплатны.
  • Могу ли я использовать otvet5GPT в школе?

    Конечно! Нейросеть может помочь вам делать конспекты лекций, придумывать идеи в классе и многое другое!
  • В чем отличия от ChatGPT?

    otvet5GPT черпает академические источники из собственной базы данных и предназначен специально для студентов. otvet5GPT также адаптируется к вашему стилю письма, предоставляя ряд образовательных инструментов, предназначенных для улучшения обучения.

Подпишись на наш телеграмм канал

GTP TOP NEWS