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buffer solutions, depending on their composition, are divided into 2 main types:

acidic and basic.

acid buffering systems are usually formed by a weak inorganic or

organic acid and a salt of the same acid with a strong base.

for example:

1) ch3cooh + ch3coona - acetate buffer

weak acid salt acid

2) h2co3 (h2o + co2) + nahco3 - hydrocarbonate or

weak acid salt acid bicarbonate buffer.

basic buffer systems are formed by weak inorganic or

organic base and a salt of this base with a strong acid. for example:

1) nh3 · h2o (nh4oh) + nh4cl - ammonia buffer

weak base salt

2) c2h5 – nh2 + c2h5nh3cl - ethylamine buffer

weak base salt

basic buffer systems are formed by weak inorganic or

organic base and a salt of this base with a strong acid. for example:

1) nh3 · h2o (nh4oh) + nh4cl - ammonia buffer

weak base salt

2) c2h5 – nh2 + c2h5nh3cl - ethylamine buffer

weak base salt.