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12.10.2021 18:28

Английский язык

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Great Britain

The history of Great Britain

In prehistoric times Britain was a part of the continent.The first people came there over dry land.The present English Channel which separates Britain from Europe appeared at the end of the Ice Age.

The first inhabitants of the island came from the Iberian peninsula where Spain is located after 3000BC.After 2000BC people from the east of Europe entered the country.The two peoples intermixed.

After 800BC the Celts arrived from Central Europe.The name “Britain” comes from the name of a Celtic tribe known as the Britons.

In 55BC Julius Caesar, the Roman ruler, invaded Britain.The Celts fought well.He left the country.

In 54BC he invaded the country with a larger army.The Celts were defeated.He made the Celts pay a regular tribute to Rome.In AD43 the country was conquered by the Romans.The Romans built many towns and connected them by good roads.The largest of the towns was called Londinium.The town was build on the River Thames.The occupation continued till the beginning of the 5th century (AD410).

By the end of the 5 th century the greater part of the country was occupied by Germanic tribes: the Jutes, the Saxons and Angles.In 829 the greater part of the country was united under the name England.The Northern part was called Scotland.In the 11 th century a united Scottish kingdom was formed.

In 1066 William the Conqueror and his people came to England from Normandy in France.The French language became the official language of the ruling class for the next three centuries.England began to spread its power on Wales, Scotland and Ireland.

In 1603 the son of Mary Queen of Scots James Stuart became James I of England.The unification of Scotland and England took place in 1707.They formed a single parliament in London.The country became known as Great Britain.

The adoption of Christianity in England took place in 664.In the 16 th century Henry VIII of England quarreled with Rome and declared himself head of the Anglican Church, which was a Protestant Church.The Irish people were divided into two religious groups: Catholics and Protestants.

Henry VIII tried to force Irish Catholics to become Anglican.After a long struggle the southern part of Ireland remained part of the UK.

But even now there are problems there connected with religion.
Вот вопросы:
Answer the questions: 1. How did the first people come to Britain? 2. When did the English Channel appear? 3. When did the Celts arrive to Britain? 4. Where did the name "Britain" come from? 5. When did Julius Caesar invade Britain? 6. What did the Romans build in Britain? 7. How long did the occupation by the Romans continue? 8. What was the largest of the towns called? 9. What tribes occ