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London is the capital of the united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland. it was founded by the romans in about 43. one of its previous names is londinium.london is divided into the city (financial and historical centre) and 32 districts.as of 2012, london's population is 8.3 million people, making it the second largest city in europe.london area is about 1580 square meters. it is an interesting fact that the city is located on the prime meridian, which is often called greenwich.the river thames flows from the south-west to east across london. it is a navigable river, which flows into the north sea.the central london has a complex planning system composed of radial-circular and rectangular streets.buckingham palace is the official residence of the queen of the united kingdom, and it is located in london. near the palace there is a beloved hyde park.  westminster palace, all known as the houses of parliament, with a clock tower, better known as big ben, is located along the thames. tower – in the past it was the fortress, prison, royal treasury, and now  –  a museum complex – is another significant landmark of london and a symbol of the uk. in 2012, summer olympic games were held in london.