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saratov - largest city in the south-east of european russia, the administrative center of saratov region, which has the status of urban district (the official name - the municipality "city of saratov" [2]).located on the right bank of the volgograd reservoir, approximately equidistant from the volgograd and samara.founded as a fortress guarding to protect the southern borders of the russian state in 1590, during the reign of fedor ivanovich. in the second half of xviii century, a major transshipment point and center of trade in fish and salt, and the xix century - the grain. provincial capital since 1780, at the beginning of the xx century - the largest by population city on the volga. since 1909, there is the university.during the industrialization of the 1930s were built large machine-building plants, and after the war - and radio-electronic instrument-making enterprises of the defense structure. the city became an important scientific and production center.