технолигия

07.01.2022 23:40

Английский язык

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Weather is created by the heat of the sun. When the sun shines on the earth, the air close to the surface heats up, expands and rises. The higher it goes, the cooler it becomes. Meanwhile, an area of warmer, low-pressure air forms below it. Winds are caused by air moving from an area of high pressure to one of low pressure. The closer the pressure centers are to each other, and the greater the pressure difference between them, the stronger the wind will be.
High- and low-pressure air masses travel the globe and cause major weather changes. When a cold, high-pressure polar air mass meets an extremely low-pressure tropical air mass, their combination can produce intense storms such as typhoons, hurricanes, and tornados. Less severe weather conditions are often caused by small, local pressure areas. A mild rain storm occurs when rising warm air combines with cool air. Clouds are created as the moist warm air cools and condenses to form water droplets. When clouds reach a saturation point, or the point at which they can no longer contain their moisture, the droplets fall to earth as rain or snow.
Weather forecasters look at the movement of warm and cold air masses and try to predict how they will behave. Although weather forecasting is not completely accurate, satellites, sophisticated instruments, and computers make weather prediction far more accurate today than in the past. The advantages of weather prediction are numerous, but in the end, nature does whatever it pleases. We may attempt to predict weather but we cannot control it.

1. Which of the following sentences contains the detail not mentioned in the passage?
A. The passage describes the formation of winds, clouds, and rain.
B. The sun heats the air close to the earth’s surface causing it to expand and rise.
C. When two opposing pressure systems meet, serious weather conditions such as typhoon, hurricane or tornado can result.
D. Weather forecasters today use computers, stars, satellites, and special instruments to predict the weather.

2. The word one in line 4 refers to
A. wind
B. area
C. pressure
D. air

3. The word intense in line 9 is close in meaning to the following words except
A. severe
B. strong
C. mild
D. violent

4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. When rising warm air meets cool air, clouds and rain are created.
B. Air moves from a low-pressure area to a high-pressure area causing winds.
C. The higher the air rises, the warmer it becomes.
D. Rain, unlike snow, is formed when a cloud reaches a saturation point.

5. All the following can be inferred from the passage except
A. Movement of the air masses causes winds.
B. When hot air rises from the surface, it gets cooler.
C. The intensity of winds depends on the pressure difference.
D. Weather forecasters will soon be able to predict weather accurately.