Sofa22Bas

04.01.2020 19:42

Английский язык

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Выпишите из текста 2 предложения, в которых имена прилагательные стоят в сравнительной степени, и 3 предложения, в которых имена прилагательные стоят в превосходной степени сравнения. Переведите все предложения на рус-ский язык. The railroad is one of the most important means of transportation. Every day, thousands of trains speed along railroad tracks all over the world. Some trains carry passengers; others haul coal, grain lumber, machinery and other products on which people depend. Only ships carry heavier cargoes for longer distances; and only airplanes provide a faster means of public transportation than railroads do. A freight train can haul thousands of tons of goods across a continent. The fastest passenger trains in regular service travel at speeds of up to 185 mph (296kmph). In test runs, these trains have reached speeds of more than 250 mph (400kmph). Railroads use a two-railed track to guide trains along a permanent route. Powerful diesel-electric or electric locomotives move most trains along the track. Almost every country has at least one railroad. The world’s longest rail line is situated in Russia. It extends about 5,600 miles (9,000 km) and connects Moscow and Vladivos-tok. Laid end-to-end, the tracks of the world’s main railroad routes would stretch about 750,000 miles (1,200,000 km) – about 3 1/4 times the distance from the earth to the moon. In most countries, the central government owns all or most of the railroad lines. A state agency or a government-owned corporation operates the railroads, supports them and controls their construction, repair and maintenance. Over the years, railroads have been facing ever-increasing competition from other types of transportation. Nevertheless, railroads have always been and still remain the most important and universal mode of transport. A railroad consists basically of a track along which locomotives pull trains of cars. The track is made up of two steel rails fastened to a series of wooden or concrete crossties. The rails and crossties that make up a railway track are laid along a road-bed – a land that has been prepared as a foundation for the track. The roadbed fol-lows the route planned for a railroad. Main-line routes link major cities; branch lines extend between main lines and various places not served by main lines. A lot of main lines consist of two or more tracks laid side by side. Such mul-tiple-track allows trains to travel in opposite directions on the same line at the same time. Single-track lines must be equipped with sidings at various points along the route. A siding is a short track alongside a main or branch line to which one of two meeting trains is switched until the other train passes. The track and roadbed, together with such other railway structures as tunnels and bridges are called the roadway. In addition to the roadway, railways own a cer-tain amount of land on both sides of the roadway. This land and the roadway make up a railroad's right-of-way. Nowadays, all rails are made of high quality steel. The cross-sectional area of a rail looks like letter "I" or letter "T". The rail consists of three main parts: the head (the upper part on which the wheels of the trains run), the foot (the lower part which rests upon the cross-ties), and the web (the middle part between the head and the foot). The rails are rolled in steel mills and cut in certain lengths according to the railroad standards.