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31.10.2020 08:10

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Early years
Michael Faraday is one of the great scientists in the history of man’s work in electricity. He was born on 22 September 1791 in south London. His family was poor and Faraday received only a basic formal education. At the age of 14 he was apprenticed to a local bookbinder and during the next seven years educated himself by reading books on different scientific subjects. In 1812, Faraday attended four lectures given by the chemist Humphry Davy at the Royal Institution. He also asked him for a job of an assistant but was turned down. However, in 1813 Davy gave him the job of chemical assistant at the Royal Institution.
European tour
A year later, Faraday was invited to accompany Davy on an 18 month European tour, where they were to meet lots of influential scientists. On their return in 1815, Faraday continued to work at the Royal Institution, helping with experiments for Davy and other scientists. In 1821 he published his work on electromagnetic rotation. Faraday himself gave many lectures, establishing his reputation as the outstanding scientific lecturer of his time.
Discovery
In 1831 Faraday discovered electromagnetic induction. The discovery allowed to transform electricity into a powerful new technology. During the remainder of the decade he worked on developing his ideas about electricity.
Scientific interests
Faraday’s scientific interests were varied. He made new kind of glass and a new kind of steel. Faraday made about two thousand difficult experiments and made countless discoveries in chemistry and physics.
Death and legacy
In the early 1840s Faraday’s health began to decline and he did less research. He died on 25 August 1867 at Hampton Court, where he had been given official lodgings in recognition of his contribution to science. He gave his name to the ‘farad’, originally describing a unit of electrical charge but later a unit of electrical capacitance.