megadruzhinins

13.08.2022 18:24

Английский язык

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Science and Technology
In recent years life on our planet has been drastically changed due to scientific and technological developments. Our views both of ourselves as individuals in society and of the Universe as a whole have changed as well.

Today, science and technology are closely related. Many modern technologies such as nuclear power and space flights depend on science and the application of scientific knowledge and principles. Each advance in pure science creates new opportunities for the development of new ways of making things to be used in daily life. In turn, technology provides science with new and more accurate instruments for its investigation and research.

Technology refers to the ways in which people use discoveries to satisfy needs and desires, to alter the environment, to improve their lives. Throughout human history, men and women have invented tools, machines, materials and techniques to make their lives easier.

Of course, when we speak of technology today, we are looking at it in a much narrower sense. Generally, we mean industrial technology, or the technology that began about 200 years ago with the development of power-driven machines, growth of the factory system, and mass production of goods that has created the basis for our modern society. Today we often say that we live in an age of science and technology. According to one estimate, 90 % of all the scientists who ever lived, were alive and active in the 1970-s. This increased scientific activity has brought new ideas, processes, and inventions in ever-growing amount.

The scientific revolution that began in the 16th century was the first time that science and technology began to work together. Thus, Galileo, who made revolutionary discoveries in astronomy and physics, also built an improved telescope and patented a system of lifting water. However, it was not until the 19th century that technology truly was based on science and inventors began to build on the work of scientists.

Task 1. Read the text and match paragraphs A – E to the topic sentences below. Прочитайте текст и сопоставьте пункты A - E с предложениями по темы ниже.
People have all necessary equipment for life. [1]
Science and technology joined. [1]
Science and technology depends on each other. [1]

Task 2. Complete the sentences using the words from the text. Write only ONE or TWO words. Завершите предложения, используя слова из текста. Пишите только ОДНО или ДВА слова
Science and technology are ____________ [1]
All the scientists mostly lived in ___________ [1]
People use _________ to make their life better. [1]

Total [6]
WRITING
Choose ONE of the topics and write an essay about its advantages and disadvantages. Выберите одну из тем и напишите эссе о ее преимуществах и недостатках.
Topic 1. “Travelling is the best way to spend your time”
Topic 2. “Technology makes our life