elenafink69

19.09.2021 01:02

Английский язык

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Moscow is the capital of Russia, its administrative, economic, political and educational

center. It is one of Russia’s major cities with the population of about 9 million people. Its total

area is about 900 thousand square kilometers.

The city was founded by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky and was first mentioned in the chronicles

in 1147. At that time it was a small frontier settlement. By the 15th century Moscow had grown

into a wealthy city.

In the 16th century, under Ivan the Terrible, Moscow became the capital of the state of

Muscovy. In the 18th century Peter the Great transferred the capital to St. Petersburg, but Moscow

remained the heart of Russia. That is why it became the main target of Napoleon’s attack in 1812.

During the war of 1812 three quarters of the city were destroyed by fire, but by the middle of the

19th century Moscow was completely rebuilt.

Red Square is the central and the most beautiful square in Moscow. It is the place of

parades, meetings and demonstrations. There is a Cathedral of St. Basil, it was built in 1552. It is

a masterpiece of Russian architecture.

The heart of Moscow is the Kremlin. There is a wonderful architectural ensemble with 3

cathedrals, the Bell Tower of Ivan the Great, palaces, fortress walls and 20 towers. The most

famous of the towers is the Spasskay Tower with golden domes and towers makes a strong

impression on tourists.

The present-day Moscow is the seat of the government of the Russian Federation. President

of Russia lives and works here; government offices are located here, too.

Moscow is a major industrial city. Its leading industries are engineering, chemical and light

industries.

Moscow is known for its many historical buildings, museums and art galleries, as well as

for the famous Bolshoi, Malij and Art theatres. There are more than 80 museums in Moscow,

among them the unique Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts and the State Tretyakov Gallery, the Andrey

Rublyov Museum of early Russian Art and many others.

Moscow is the city of science and learning. There are a lot of educational institutions in

the city, including a number of universities.