Дополните предложения данными словами.
Entrepreneurship; training; overpriced; free trade; overtime; unemployment; criteria; operating expenses; account for; monetary policy; no-deal
1. _______is the process of designing, launching and running a new business, which is often initially a small business.
1. I never buy clothes in that boutique. Everything is so expensive, and the quality isn’t high – I think the clothes are really _______.
2. My firm hopes to do more business abroad, so plans to introduce language _______ for all the staff.
3. Officially, she works thirty-five hours a week but sometimes with _______ she does as many as fifty.
4. People are worried about the rise in _______.
5. _______ is a very good idea in principle, but in practice we need protectionism to help domestic manufacturers to survive.
6. What are the _____ for applicants?
7. Although different businesses have different costs associated with them, the main ________of most businesses include rent, phone and utilities, equipment.
8. High-tech companies _______32% of the total value of the payrolls in the area. 9. He said the Fed would tighten _______.
10. A ___Brexit means the UK would leave the EU immediately on 31 October 2019, and there would be no agreements in place about what the relationship between the UK and the EU will be like in future.

France produces fewer start-ups than the average developed nation, and has historically had a higher rate of unemployment. Critics are quick to blame both on its generous welfare state. But in 2001, the nation’s policymakers were able to boost entrepreneurship, according to a recent paper. And they did it by making welfare policies even more generous.

Unemployment insurance had been a substantial deterrent to entrepreneurship in France, because individuals without jobs ceased to be eligible for it if they founded a business. So the French Ministry of Labor enacted a series of reforms which allowed founders to continue to draw unemployment benefits during the first three years of their business, subject to some restrictions, and to remain eligible for such benefits if the business subsequently failed.

The reforms appeared to have an almost immediate effect: the rate of new firms created rose by 25%. But researchers at MIT, Berkeley, and HEC Paris set out to determine whether the increase was actually caused by the policy change. They wondered whether some of the change could have had to do with the state of the economy, or whether the quality of the new businesses was lower as a result. They found that at least a large part of the increase was directly a result of the policy, and that the new businesses seemed at least as productive and sustainable as older ones. Moreover, they estimate that the change boosted the nation’s economy by €350 million per year, at a cost of only €100 million annually.

To measure all this, the researchers broke up the data (from 1999 to 2005) by industry. The idea was that it would be comparatively easier for the unemployed to start a business in an industry where small firms are already prevalent. (Starting a business in an industry made up of larger firms would require more capital than was provided by unemployment insurance.) If the increase in entrepreneurship was really caused by the reforms, it ought to be more dramatic in industries with more small firms. And that’s just what they found.

They used the same approach to measure the quality of the businesses. Start-ups founded after the reforms in industries with more small firms — the ones more likely to have been the direct result of the reforms — were just as likely to stay in business, to grow, and to hire as those in industries with more large firms. The entrepreneurs were equally as well-educated in both groups as well. Perhaps most importantly, the new firms were more productive and paid higher wages than the average incumbent.

“Our most conservative estimates suggest that about 12,000 additional firms are created every year thanks to the reform,” the authors conclude.

There is a narrow lesson here, and a broad one. The narrow one for policymakers is that welfare programs can in fact distort entrepreneurial incentives, but dismembering those programs isn’t the only or best option. This is consistent with previous research, which found that expanding government-sponsored health insurance encouraged more people to start businesses. And that leads to the broader lesson.

Because entrepreneurs inevitably take risks, we tend to think that people who aren’t comfortable with large amounts of risk wouldn’t make good entrepreneurs. The data doesn’t support that view. Research from the UK has shown that in fact, entrepreneurs are more cautious than the general population. “Higher risk-taking increases the propensity to launch a business, but does not correlate with greater start-up success,” wrote Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic, a professor at University College London, in a previous HBR article, citing a meta-analysis of several studies. “In fact, conscientious and prudent founders tend to do significantly better.” And in France’s case, the entrepreneurs who were enticed to start something once the financial risks were lessened were just as qualified and successful as those already in the game.

In that sense, this research is an argument about what entrepreneurship is and isn’t, and who’s qualified to do it. Entrepreneurs will always take some risks, particularly with their time and reputations. But starting a business is about more than that, and it shouldn’t include being forced to go broke in the process.

надеюсь правильно.

Мой папа      меня зовут сергей. мне 12 лет. я хочу рассказать про своего папу. его зовут владимир александрович. он родился 28 августа 1973 года, в городе волхове ленинградской области. в детстве папа мечтал стать военным, но после школы решил поступить в железнодорожный колледж. после окончания учёбы его забрали в армию. служил папа в городе самарканде, в военно-воздушных силах. про армию он рассказывает много интересного. после армии папа решил получить высшее образование и поступил учиться на заочное отделение в институт. он закончил его с красным дипломом. сейчас папа работает инженером. на работе он авторитетный и уважаемый человек. у моего папы много увлечений, но больше всего он любит ходить на . часто берёт меня с собой и показывает, как правильно ловить рыбу. дома папа главный. он строгий и требовательный, но справедливый. всё свободное время он проводит со мной и мамой. вместе мы ходим в кино и отдыхаем за городом на природе. папа заботливый и добрый. когда я вырасту, хочу быть похожим на него. перевод: my father    my name is sergey. i’m twelve years old. i’m going to tell you about my father. his name is vladimir. his second name is alexandrovich. he was born in leningrad region, volhov city; on august 28, 1973. in the childhood my father dreamt of becoming a soldier, but after finishing school he decided to enter the railway college. he graduated from it and then went to the army. my father served in the air forces in samarkand. he tells much interesting about army. then father decided to get higher education and entered the university and became correspondence student. he received degree with distinction. my father is an engineer now. he is authoritative and respectable person at work. my father has many hobbies, but his favourite hobby is fishing. he often takes me and shows how to fish. my father is a head of the family. he is strict and exacting but very fair. he spends his free time with me and my mother. we go to the cinema and have a rest in the country all together. my father is very caring and kind. when i grow up i want to be like him. только имя свое встравь,я сергея для примера взяла