Sasha1230981

21.02.2021 19:49

Английский язык

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Переведите ! and in order to rehabilitate the tower there were proposed the following three variants: 1.to use cfrp bonding in the hoop direction; 2.to use steel plate bonding in the hoop direction; 3.to add concrete rings along the height of the tower. the use of composite materials for the strengthening and rehabilitating of bridges,towers,dams,and other concrete structures is gaining popularity.the reason for it is the fact that the use of composite materials turned out to be advantageous over other strengthening methods relating to durability,workability and whole-life costs of concrete structures.projects based on the use of carbon-fibre-reinforced-polymer plates are being realized on a number of silo towers and other structures in russia and sweden.the technology of cfrp plates started to be popularized also in the middle east and south-east asia. not long ago cfrp plates have been used for the purpose for increasing the durability of the existing concrete structures in the united kingdom construction industry.the plates successfully serve as an alternative to other traditionally used methods.during the last two years more than 150 bridges and other concrete structures around the united kingdom were rehabilitated with cfrp plates. strengthening a 30-year-old,65 m tall,tower may serve as an example of successful usage of the plates.the work started with detailed analyses of the tower under dead,live,wind and thermal loading in order to find out the present durability of the tower.the detailed inspection revealed deep vertical and horizontal cracking in many places on the tower.also tests were carried out to reveal the depth of carbonation and chlorine content in the concrete.