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27.03.2020 05:58

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Корректно перевести текст. in the 1870s, annual production of rough diamond was well under a million carats. by the 1920s, the figure was around three million carats. fifty years later, annual production approached 50 million carats, and in the 1990s it surpassed 100 million carats per year. at the end of the 1970s, the world’s most important rough diamond producers were south africa, zaire (now renamed the democratic republic of congo), and the former soviet union. in the 1980s, output of higher-quality diamonds from russia and south africa remained relatively constant, but zaire’s production of lower-quality diamonds more than doubled. in 1982, a highly productive new mine in botswana added to world production. a prolific source of high-quality diamonds, the jwaneng mine boosted botswana’s production so much that the country rose to third in the world in total diamond recovery, and second in diamond value. de beers contracted with botswana’s government to buy the mine’s production and botswana set out to build its own diamond-cutting industry. world diamond mining expanded dramatically with the discovery of sources in australia in 1985 and important new deposits in northern canada in 2000. the market probably changed as much after 1990 as it did in the years after the 1866 discovery of diamonds in south africa and the establishment of de beers. the 1990s brought exciting new sources and encouraged the dramatic growth of some cutting centers. all this was happening as the world economy fluctuated wildly. as one of the trade’s major participants, de beers had to change, too. the de beers of today bears little resemblance to the de beers of 1989. the company greatly reduced its role as the custodian of diamond supply. instead of flowing into the market in a single-channel path from de beers, diamonds now flow into the market through multiple channels. not everything changed, though. regardless of the path they take, diamonds still flow from mines through cutting centers, and ultimately to retail customers. diamond’s splendor has been appreciated for centuries, but there was not much scientific knowledge about it before the twentieth century. since then, diamond knowledge has grown steadily, with research by chemists, physicists, geologists, mineralogists, and oceanographers. in the past 50 years alone, scientists have learned a lot about how diamonds form and how they’re transported to the earth’s surface. that knowledge has made it easier to predict locations for new diamond discoveries.