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prague  (/ˈprɑːɡ/;   czech:   praha,  [ˈpraɦa]  (  listen),  german:   prag) is the capital and  largest city  of the  czech republic. it is the  15th largest city  in the  european union.[5]  it is also the historical capital of  bohemia. situated in the north-west of the country on the  vltava  river, the city is home to about 1.26  million people, while its  larger urban zone  is estimated to have a population of nearly 2  million.[6]  the city has a  temperate climate, with warm summers and chilly winters.

prague has been a political, cultural, and economic centre of central europe with waxing and waning fortunes during its history. founded during the  romanesque  and flourishing by the  gothic,  renaissance  and  baroque  eras, prague was the capital of the  kingdom of bohemia  and the main residence of several  holy roman emperors, most notably of  charles iv  (r. 1346–1378).[7]  it was an important city to the  habsburg monarchy  and its  austro-hungarian empire. the city played major roles in the  bohemian  and  protestant reformation, the  thirty years' war, and in 20th-century history as the capital of  czechoslovakia, during both world wars and the post-war communist era.[8]

prague is home to a number of famous cultural attractions, many of which survived the violence and destruction of 20th-century europe. main attractions include the  prague castle, the  charles bridge,  old town square  with theprague astronomical clock, the  jewish quarter,  petřín  hill and  vyšehrad. since 1992, the extensive historic centre of prague has been included in the  unesco  list of  world heritage sites.

the city boasts more than ten major museums, along with numerous theatres, galleries, cinemas, and other historical exhibits. an extensive modern public transportation system connects the city. also, it is home to a wide range of public and private schools, including  charles university in prague, the oldest university in  central europe.[9]

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