Нужен перевод the concept of robots dates back to ancient times, when some myths told of mechanical beings brought to life. such automata also appeared in the clockwork fig¬ures of medieval churches, and in the 18th century some clockmaker s gained fame for the clever mechanical fig¬ures that they constructed. today the term automaton is usually applied to these handcrafted, mechanical (rather than electromechanical) devices that imitate the motions of living creatures. some of the «robots» used in advertising and entertainment are actually automata, even with the addition of remote radio control. the term robot itself is derived from the czech word robota, meaning «compulsory labour». it was first used by the czech novelist and playwright karel chapek, to describe a mechanical device that looks like a human but, lacking human sensibility, can perform only automatic, mechanical operations. robots as they are known today do not only imitate human or other living forms. true robots did mot become possible, however, until the inven¬tion of the computer in the 1940s and the miniaturiza¬tion of computer parts. one of the first true robots was an experimental model designed by researchers at the stanford research institute in the late 1960s. it was ca¬pable of arranging blocks into stacks through the use of a television camera as a visual sensor, processing this information in a small computer. computers today are equipped with microprocessors that can handle the data being fed to them by various sensors of the surrounding environment. making use of the principle of feedback, robots can change their opera¬tions to some degree in response to changes in that envi¬ronment. the commercial use of robots is spreading, with the increasing automation of factories, and they have become essential to many laboratory procedures. japan is the most advanced nation exploring robot technology. nowadays robots continue to expand their applications. the home-made robots (горничная) available today may be one sign of the future.

Понятие роботов восходит к древности, когда некоторые мифы, рассказанные механических существ привлечены к жизни. такое автоматы также появилась в заводных fig¬ures средневековых церквей, а в 18 веке получила некоторые часовщик с славу для умных механических fig¬ures, что они построены. в настоящее время термин автомат, как правило, применяется для них ручной, механический (вместо электромеханического) устройств, имитирующих движения живых существ. некоторые из «роботов» используются в рекламе и развлечений на самом деле автоматов, даже с добавлением дистанционного . сам термин робот происходит от чешского слова, означающего робота, «принудительный труд». впервые он был использован в чешской романист и драматург карел чапек, чтобы описать механическое устройство, которое выглядит как человек, но, не имея человеческого чувствительность, могут выполнять только автоматические, механические операции. роботы, как их называют сегодня не только подражать человека или другие живые формы. правда роботы не было словцо стало возможным, однако, до inven¬tion компьютера в 1940 и miniaturiza¬tion компьютерных частей. один из первых настоящих роботов был экспериментальной моделью разработан исследователями в стэнфордском исследовательском институте в конце 1960-х годов. было ca¬pable из организации блоков в штабеля через использование телевизионной камеры в качестве визуального датчика, обработки этой информации в небольшом компьютере. компьютеры сегодня оснащаются микропроцессорами, которые могут обрабатывать данные, подаваемого на них различными датчиками окружающей среды. пользуясь принципу обратной связи, роботы могут изменить свои opera¬tions до некоторой степени в ответ на изменения в этой envi¬ronment. коммерческое использование роботов распространяется, с увеличением автоматизации заводов, и они стали важными для многих лабораторных процедур. япония является самой передовой нацией изучения робототехники. в настоящее время роботы продолжают расширять свои приложения. в самодельные роботы (горничная), доступные сегодня, могут быть одним из признаков будущего.

1. 1) [t] walked, washed dropped, hoped, stopped, watched, cooked, talked, worked[d] dreamed spelled, dried, cried, played, opened, cleaned, covered [id] dusted, wanted 2) [t] finished; looked, pushed, liked, kissed [d] arrived, lived, closed, robbed, smiled, hurried, travelled [id] regreted, tidied, ended, visited, counted, added, started,  posted.2. 1.1 played in the field. 2. he wanted to go home. 3. the driver stopped the car. 4. he drank tea every day. 5. it began to rain. 6. they liked our house. 7. i dreamed every night. 8. my sister cleaned the room. 9. the teachers gave us dictation. 10. he sat at his desk and wrote a letter. 11. магу came early. 12. the cat caught the fish in the river. 13. the dog ate its dinner. 14. the boys went for a holiday. 16. richard knew george. 16. the plane flied very high. 17. he taught us english. 18. i washed my hands every day. 19. he went to school. 20. liz cut her finger.3. 1. james usually finishes work at 4.30 p.m. yesterday hefinished at 1.00p.m.  2. he usually goes home by train. yesterday he went home by taxi,  3. he usually has dinner at home. yesterday he had dinner in a restaurant with his friends, 4. usually go to bed early. yesterday he went to bed late, because it was his birthday, 4. 1. we didn't jim, we met max. 2. he didn't leave last tuesday, he left last thursday, 3. we didn't jack, wesaw david, (see)4. they didn't buy a volvo, they bought a fiat, 5. you didn't know the answer, tom knew the answer, 6. 1didn't lose  my passport, i lost my ticket, 7. we didn't have the pizza, we had hot dogs, 8. he didn't write a letter, he wrote a postcard, 9. the film didn't begin at 6.30 p.m., it began at 7.30 p.m.10. my sister wasn't at the theatre yesterday, she was at the disco, 5. 1. what time did you get up in the morning? 2. what did you have for dinner last night? 3. when did you last travel by train? 4. what did you do last sunday? 5. where did you go last summer? 6. when did you last visit an art gallery? 7. how did you travel to work on monday?