zara1984

22.02.2023 17:01

Английский язык

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Find the equivalents of the following words and expressions in the text: 1. people, who own shares in a 2. profits, which is paid to people who have shares in the company 3. possess 4. an important service such as water, electricity, or gas that is provided for everyone, and that everyone pays for 5. a guarantee of compensation for specified loss 6. the act or right of possessing something 7. allows 8. stop , stop (someone) from doing 9. control 10. a thing that is borrowed; money lent это текст: a corporation is a company organized and owned by stockholders. stockholders own the corporation, but they do not necessarily work in it or run it. the corporation is usually run by employed directors or managers. there are different types of corporations. the private business corporation is known as one type of corporation but there also exist other types, for instance, public corporations owned by governmental bodies. the tennessee valley authority formed in the 1930s in the usa can be mentioned as an example of a federal corporation which is to provide power, control floods and provide irrigation. the majority of corporations in the usa are small and they make up approximately twenty five percent of all business companies, however, this figure understates the real economic significance of the corporate business organization. corporations have great financial power to research, develop and produce goods, and the best opportunities of using talents, knowledge and experience of an unlimited number of people for that. modern technological developments largely account for the appearance of corporate giants in such sectors of the economy as manufacturing, transportation and utilities, mining, banking and insurance, and retail trade. in view of the growing importance of corporations, society is faced with three major problems. first, the growth in corporate size has brought about an increasing separation of control from ownership. in large companies a stockholder no longer performs effective control; actual control belongs to management, which tends to be self-selecting and responsible only to itself. second, the size of many corporations gives them economic power that permits to ignore the discipline of the competitive market, because it is large corporations that have real control over the prices charged for the goods they produce. finally, society cannot be sure that the corporate performance serves the public interest. public interest requires organization and operation of business to be subjected to governmental regulation. government regulation, particularly in the usa, attempts to prevent the formation of monopolies that totally control a particular branch of industry such as steel, petroleum or automobile production. governments also regulate public utilities and transportation, guarantee loans to home owners, subsidize shipping, build highways and airports.